KERATIN AS A FORMALDEHYDE SCAVENGER FOR ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY WOOD-BASED PANELS
Keywords:
keratin, urea-formaldehyde resin, plywood, formaldehyde emission, scavengerAbstract
The use of polycondensation urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins in the woodworking and furniture industries is widespread due to their relatively low price, high reactivity, availability of raw materials, and ease of use. After curing, they provide a transparent, brittle joint, but their main disadvantage is the continuous emission of formaldehyde. The naturally occurring biopolymer keratin and the amino acid cysteine prepared from sheep wool were chosen and tested as possible agents for UF adhesives, allowing the reduction of formaldehyde emissions from wood-based panels. Emissions of formaldehyde were determined in accordance with EN ISO 12460-4. The gluing quality was tested according to standard EN 314-1, and the tested plywood met the requirements of standard EN 314-2. The most significant decrease in formaldehyde emission by up to 44.0% was achieved by applying 1% MOD-I (pre-condensate of glutaraldehyde and urea + cysteine) to the reference UF adhesive. Therefore, samples prepared for this study have great potential for application as environmentally friendly formaldehyde scavengers.
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